Assessing the Effectiveness of Organized Crime Control Strategies: A Review of the Literature

• Previous Page
• Table of Contents

6. REFERENCES

• Abadinsky, H. (2003) Organized Crime (7th ed.). Belmont, Cal.: Wadsworth/Thomson.
  
• Albanese, J. (1996) Organized Crime in America (3rd ed.). Cincinnati: Anderson.
  
• Atlas, T. (1988) "US losing its war on drugs along Afghan-Pakistani border." Chicago Tribune, May 9, p6.
  
• Auditor General of Canada (2002) Criminal Justice System: Significant Challenges. Chapter 4 of the AG’s report. Ottawa: Office of the Auditor General of Canada.
  
• Auditor General of Canada (2003) Canada’s Strategy to Combat Money Laundering. Ottawa: Office of the Auditor General of Canada.
  
• Beare, M. (1996) Criminal Conspiracies: Organized Crime in Canada. Toronto: Nelson Canada.
  
• Beare, M. and S. Schneider (1990) Tracing of Illicit Funds: Money Laundering in Canada. Ottawa: Solicitor General Canada.
  
• Benseler, J. (1997) "Forfeiture legislation in Germany: Legal basis and prosecution practice." European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law, and Criminal Justice 5: 203.
  
• Blakey, R., R. Goldstock, and C. Rogovin (1978) Rackets Bureau: Investigation and Prosecution of Organized Crime. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  
• Block, A. (1991) Masters of Paradise: Organized Crime and the Internal Revenue Service in the Bahamas. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
  
• Block, A. (1994) Space, Time, & Organized Crime (2nd edition). New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
  
• Brady, J. (1982) "Arson, fiscal crisis, and community action." Crime and Delinquency 28: 247-270.
  
• Brown, M. (1985) "Criminal informants." Journal of Police Science and Administration 13: 251-256.
  
• Bureau of Justice Statistics (1992) Drugs, Crime, and the Criminal Justice System. Washington, DC: US Department of Justice.
  
• Bynum, T. (1987) Organized Crime in America: Concepts and Controversies. Monsey, NY: Willow Tree Press.
  
• Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police (1993) Report of the Committee on Organized Crime. Ottawa, Canada.
  
• Carter, T. (1996/97) "The failure of environmental regulation in New York: The role of co-optation, corruption and a co-operative enforcement approach." Crime, Law and Social Change, 26: 27-52.
  
• Cordon, S. (2003) "Auditor’s report to focus on money-tracking law." Globe and Mail April 8, 12B.
  
• Cowell, A. (1993) "Busting the Mafia: Italy advances in war on crime." New York Times, June 27, L3.
  
• Del Omo, R. (1987) "Aerobiology and the war on drugs." Crime and Social Justice, 30: 28-44.
  
• Dennis, R. (1990) "The economics of legalizing drugs." The Atlantic Monthly (November), pp.126-132.
  
• Department of Justice Canada (2000) Proceeds of Crime Prosecutions and Case Management and Diversion. Ottawa: Evaluation Division, Policy Integration and Coordination Section.
  
• Dombrink, J. and J. Meeker (1987) "Beyond ‘buy and bust’: nontraditional sanctions in federal drug law enforcement." Contemporary Drug Problems 13: 711-740.
  
• Faison, S. (1993) "Crackdown fails to stem smuggling of Chinese to US." New York Times, August 23, p.A1.
  
• Freiberg, A. and R. Fox (2000) "Evaluating the Effectiveness of Australia’s Confiscation Laws." The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology 33: 239-265.
  
• Fyfe, N. and H. McKay (2000) "Police protection of intimidated witnesses: A study of the Strathclyde Police Witness Protection Programme." Policing and Society, 10: 277-299.
  
• Gabor, T. (1994) Integrated Anti-Drug Profiteering: Results of the Case File Survey, Concluded, and Ongoing Cases. Ottawa: Solicitor General Canada.
  
• Gabor, T., K. Hung, S. Mihorean, and C. St. Onge (2002) "Canadian homicide rates: A comparison of two data sources." Canadian Journal of Criminology 44: 351-363.
  
• Galliher, J. and J. Cain (1974) "Citation support for the Mafia myth in criminology textbooks." The American Sociologist 9: 68-74.
  
• Gibbon, A. (1994) "RCMP break big crime rings." Globe and Mail, August 31, A1.
  
• Giuliani, R. (1986) "Legal remedies for attacking organized crime." In Major Issues in Organized Crime Control. Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice (Symposium Proceedings), pp.103-130.
  
• Godshaw, G., R. Koppel, and R. Pancoast (1987) Anti-Drug Law Enforcement Efforts and Their Impact. Bala Cynwyd, Pa.: Wharton Econometrics.
  
• Gold, M.and M. Levi (1994) Money-Laundering in the UK: An Appraisal of Suspicion-Based Reporting. London: The Police Foundation.
  
• Goldstock, R. (1994) "The prosecutor as problem solver." In R. Kelly, K. Chin, and R. Schatzberg (eds.), Handbook of Organized Crime in the United States. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, pp.431-450.
  
• Greek, C. (1991) "Is this the end of RICO or only the beginning?" Free Inquiry in Creative Sociology 19: 11-21.
  
• Ha, T. (1995) "Witness-protection legislation shields wrong party." Globe and Mail, March 24, A4.
  
• Hicks, D. (1998) Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice 14: 325-350.
  
• Hoffman, D. (1987) "Tilting at windmills: The Chicago Crime Commission v. organized crime, 1980-1984." In T. Bynum (ed.), Organized Crime in America: Concepts and Controversies. Monsey, NY: Willow Tree Press, pp. 83-99.
  
• Ianni, F. (1972) A Family Business: Kinship and Social Control in Organized Crime. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  
• Ichniowski, C. and A. Preston (1989) "The persistence of organized crime in New York City construction: An economic perspective." Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 42: 549-565.
  
• Jacobs, J. and L. Gouldin (1999) "Cosa Nostra: The final chapter?" In M. Tonry (ed.), Crime and Justice: A Review of Research (Volume 25). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp.129-189.
  
• Jonas, S. (1999) "Why the drug war will never end." In J. Inciardi (ed.), The Drug Legalization Debate. Thousand Oaks, Cal.: Sage, pp.125-150.
  
• Karchmer, C. and D. Ruch (1992) State and Local Money Laundering Control Strategies. Research in Brief. Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice.
  
• Kelly, R., K. Chin, and R. Schatzberg (1994) Handbook of Organized Crime in the United States. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
  
• Kenney, D. and J. Finckenauer (1995) Organized Crime in America. Belmont, Cal.: Wadsworth/Thomson.
  
• King, R. (1963) "The fifth amendment privilege and immunity legislation." Notre Dame Lawyer 38: 641-654.
  
• Kleiman, M. (1994) "Organized crime and drug abuse control." In R. Kelly, K. Chin, and R. Schatzberg (eds.), Handbook of Organized Crime in the United States. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, pp.401-414.
  
• Krajick, K. (1983) "Should police wiretap?" Police Magazine 6: 29-41.
  
• Levi, M. (1997) "Evaluating the ‘New Policing’: Attacking the money trail of organized crime." The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology 30: 1-25.
  
• Levi, M. (2002) "Money laundering and its regulation." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 582: 181-194.
  
• Levi, M. and L. Osofsky (1995) Investigating, Seizing, and Confiscating the Proceeds of Crime. London: Home Office.
  
• Lohr, S. (1992) "The Cayman Islands have become the ideal Caribbean hideaway—for billions in global deposits." New York Times Magazine, March 29, p.27.
  
• Lyman, M. and G. Potter (1997) Organized Crime. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  
• Lynch, G. (1987) "RICO: The crime of being a criminal, parts 1 and II." Columbia Law Review 87: 661-764.
  
• Maltz, M. (1990) Measuring the Effectiveness of Organized Crime Control Efforts. Chicago: Office of International Criminal Justice.
  
• Maltz, M. (1994) "Defining organized crime." In R. Kelly, K. Chin, And R. Schatzberg (eds.), Handbook of Organized Crime in the United States. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, pp.21-37.
  
• Marx, G. (1988) Undercover: Police Surveillance in America. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  
• Mastrofski, S. and G. Potter (1986) "Evaluating law enforcement efforts to control organized crime: the Pennsylvania Crime Commission as a case study." Policy Studies Review 6: 160-170.
  
• Mastrofski, S. and G. Potter (1987) "Controlling organized crime: a critique of law enforcement policy." CJPR 2: 269-301.
  
• Mathews, J. (1990) "One witness’ experience points out flaws in protection program." The Buffalo News, August 23, A3.
  
• McFadden, R. (1987) "The Mafia of the 1980s: Divided and under siege." New York Times, March 11, p.A1.
  
• Miller, G. (1987) "Observations on police undercover work." Criminology 25: 27-46.
  
• Mitchell, G. (1981) "The life and hard times of the Protected Witness Program." Police, March, pp.51-57.
  
• Montanino, F. (1984) "Protecting the federal witness: Buying past life and biography." American Behavioral Scientist 27:501-528.
  
• Montanino, F. (1990) "Protecting organized crime witnesses in the United States." International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice, 14: 123-131.
  
• Moore, M. (1990) "Supply reduction and drug law enforcement." In M. Tonry and J. Wilson (eds.), Crime and Justice: A Review of Research (Volume 13). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 109-157.
  
• Nadelmann, E. (1999) "Commonsense drug policy." In J. Inciardi (ed.), The Drug Legalization Debate (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, Cal.: Sage, pp. 157-172.
  
• Naylor, T. (2000) "Copping a profit." Globe and Mail, August 29, A15.
  
• O’Day, P. (2001) "The Mexican army as cartel." Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 17: 278-295.
  
• Organized Crime Agency of British Columbia (2001/2002) Annual Report.
  
• Osofsky, L. (1993) "Fighting money laundering, American style." Journal of International Banking Law 9:359-364.
  
• Pennsylvania Crime Commission (1980) A Decade of Organized Crime. St. Davids, Pa.: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
  
• Pennsylvania Crime Commission (1990) Organized Crime in Pennsylvania: A Decade of Change. Conshohocken, Pa.: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
  
• Peterson, M. (1994) "Intelligence and analysis within the organized crime function." In R. Kelly, K. Chin, and R. Schatzberg (eds.), Handbook of Organized Crime in the United States. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, pp.359-387.
  
• Porteous, S. (1998) OC Impact Study Highlights. Ottawa: Public Works and Government Services of Canada.
  
• Porteous, S. (2003) "A stain on the law." Globe and Mail, April 1, A15.
  
• President’s Commission on Organized Crime (1986) The Impact: Organized Crime Today. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  
• President’s Commission on Organized Crime (1986) America’s Habit: Drug Abuse, Drug Trafficking, and Organized Crime. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  
• Quebec Police Commission (1976) The Fight Against Organized Crime In Quebec. Quebec: Official Editor of Quebec.
  
• Rebovich, D., K. Coyle, and J. Schaaf (1993) Local Prosecution of Organized Crime: The Use of State RICO Statutes. Washington, DC: US Department of Justice.
  
• Reuter, P. (1983) Disorganized Crime: The Economics of the Visible Hand. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
  
• Reuter, P. (1984) "Police regulation of illegal gambling: Frustrations of symbolic enforcement." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 474: 36-47.
  
• Reuter, P. (1994) "Research on American organized crime." In R. Kelly, K. Chin, and R. Schatzberg (eds.), Handbook of Organized Crime in the United States. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, pp.91-119.
  
• Reuter, P. (1987) Racketeering in Legitimate Industries: A Study in the Economics of Intimidation. Santa Monica, Cal.: Rand.
  
• Reuter, P., G. Crawford, and J. Cave (1988) Sealing the Borders: The Effects of Increased Military Participation in Drug Interdiction. Santa Monica: Rand.
  
• Reuter, P. and J. Haaga (1989) The Organization of High-Level Drug Markets: An Exploratory Study. Santa Monica, Cal.: Rand.
  
• Rhodes, R. (1984) Organized Crime: Crime Control vs. Civil Liberties. New York: Random House.
  
• Rogovin, C. and F. Martens (1994) "The role of crime commissions in organized crime control." In R. Kelly, K. Chin, and R. Schatzberg (eds.), Handbook of Organized Crime in the United States. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, pp. 389-400.
  
• Rowan, R. (1989) "Biggest Mafia bosses." Fortune, November 10, pp.24-38.
  
• Sabbag, R. (1996) "The invisible family." New York Times Magazine, February 11, pp.33-39.
  
• Schelling, T. (1971) "What is the business of organized crime?" Journal of Public Law 20: 71-84.
  
• Schlegel, K. (1988) "Life imitating art: interpreting information from electronic surveillance." In M. Palmioto (ed.), Critical Issues in Criminal Investigation. Cincinnati: Anderson, pp. 101-111.
  
• Senna, J. and L. Siegel (1996) Introduction to Criminal Justice (7th ed.). New York: West Publishing.
  
• Shannon, E. (1988) Desperados: Latin Drug Lords, US Lawmen, and the War America Can’t Win. New York, NY: Viking.
  
• Shawcross, T. (1994) War Against the Mafia. Edinburgh: Mainstream Publishing.
  
• Stahl, M. (1992) "Asset forfeiture, burderns of proof, and the war on drugs." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 83: 274-337.
  
• Stelfox, P. (1998) "Policing lower levels of organized crime in England and Wales." The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice 37: 393-406.
  
• Stellwagen, L. (1985) Use of Forfeiture Sanctions in Drug Cases. Paper prepared under contract by Abt Associates Inc. for the National Institute of Justice.
  
• Sterngold, J. (1992) "Japan takes on the Mob, and the Mob fights back." New York Times, June 15, A1.
  
• Stewart, R. (1980) Identification and Investigation of Organized Criminal Activity. Houston, Tx.: National College of District Attorneys.
  
• Tulsky, F. (1987) "US witness protection program hides a daughter from her father." Chicago Tribune, March 5, Section 5:3.
  
• US General Accounting Office (1977) War on Organized Crime Faltering—Federal Strike Forces Not Getting the Job Done. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  
• US General Accounting Office (1987) Drug Investigations: OC Drug Enforcement Task Force Program’s Accomplishments. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  
• US General Accounting Office (1989) Organized Crime: Issues Concerning Strike Forces. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  
• US General Accounting Office (1991) Money Laundering: The US Government is Responding to the Problem. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  
• US General Accounting Office (1993) Illicit Narcotics: Recent Efforts to Control Chemical Diversion and Money Laundering. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  
• US General Accounting Office (1994) Drug Control: Interdiction Efforts in Central America Have Had Little Impact on the Flow of Drugs. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office.
  
• Van Duyne, P. (1994) "Money-laundering: Estimates in fog." The Journal of Asset Protection and Financial Crime 2: 58-74.
  
• Van Duyne, P. (1996) Organized Crime in Europe. Commack, NY: Nova Science Publishers.
  
• Walthier, S. (1994) "Forfeiture and money laundering laws in the United States." Crime, Law and Social Change 21: 1-13.
  
• Webster, B. and M. McCampbell (1992) International Money Laundering: Research and Investigation Join Forces. Research in Brief. Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice.
  

• Previous Page
• Table of Contents