A Synthesis of the Immigration and Refugee Legal Aid Research

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Table of Contents

• Acronyms
• Executive Summary
• 1. Introduction
  • 1.1 Purpose of the Document
  • 1.2 Underlying Research
  • 1.3 Format of Document
• 2. Background Information
  • 2.1 Stages of the Refugee Determination Process
  • 2.2 The IRPA
• 3. Availability of Service
  • 3.1 Service Provision Across Canada
  • 3.2 Service Provision in "High Volume" Provinces
  • 3.3 Service Provision in "Low Volume" Provinces
• 4. Need for Representation
  • 4.1 Eligibility and Admissibility Stage
  • 4.2 Before the Hearing
  • 4.3 Refugee Determination Hearings
  • 4.4 Detention Hearings and Immigration Inquiries
  • 4.5 Immigration Appeals
  • 4.6 Federal Court of Canada and Supreme Court of Canada
  • 4.7 Post-Determination Refugee Claimant in Canada Class and Humanitarian and Compassionate Applications
  • 4.8 Refugees with Special Needs
• 5. Cost Drivers
  • 5.1 Number of Refugee Claims
  • 5.2 The Impact of the IRPA
  • 5.3 Lack of Understanding of the Process
  • 5.4 Interpretation and Translation
  • 5.5 Judicial Reviews
  • 5.6 Potential Future Cost Drivers
• 6. Looking Forward
  • 6.1 Paralegals
  • 6.2 Community Organizations
• 7. Conclusions
• Appendix A: Annotated Bibliography of Research
• Appendix B: Glossary of Terms